Who can disclose grand jury information under the secrecy exceptions?

• A. Public journalists
• B. Defendants
• C. Jurors
• D. Judges and AUSA can disclose under certain conditions

Answer: (D)

Grand jury secrecy keeps the proceedings private, with only tightly controlled exceptions for disclosure. The only individuals who have authority to release grand jury information are those acting in official court or prosecutorial roles. A judge can disclose materials when necessary for court proceedings or when ordered, and an Assistant U.S. Attorney can disclose to other government personnel or entities that have a legitimate need to know for an investigation or prosecution, all under proper safeguards. Public journalists, defendants, and jurors do not have general authority to disclose grand jury information; their access or ability to reveal such materials is not allowed outside of specific court-ordered or legally authorized circumstances.